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U.S. Republican Party | ORGANIZATION

 

The Republican Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Democratic Party. It is often called the Grand Old Party or the GOP. Founded in Jackson, Michigan, in 1854 by anti-slavery expansion activists and modernizers, the Republican Party quickly surpassed the Whig Party as the principal opposition to the Democratic Party. It first came to power in 1860 with the election of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency and presided over the American Civil War and Reconstruction. Today, the party supports a conservative and/or center-right platform, with further foundations in supply-side fiscal policies and social conservatism.

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President Barack Obama talks to reporters following his meeting with Congressional Democrats and Republicans appealing for bipartisanship on fixing the economy, in the White House press briefing room in Washington, Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

President Barack Obama talks to reporters following his meeting with Congressional Democrats and Republicans appealing for bipartisanship on fixing the economy, in the White House press briefing room in Washington, Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

AP 

Republican members of the Legislature stand up and clap after listening to Gov. Ed Rendell criticize the length of time it took to pass last year's 101-day-late state budget as Rendell delivers his executive budget address for the fiscal year 2010-2011 to a joint session of the Pennsylvania House and Senate in Harrisburg, Pa., Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

Republican members of the Legislature stand up and clap after listening to Gov. Ed Rendell criticize the length of time it took to pass last year's 101-day-late state budget as Rendell delivers his executive budget address for the fiscal year 2010-2011 to a joint session of the Pennsylvania House and Senate in Harrisburg, Pa., Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

AP 

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

AP 

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

AP 

FILE - In this Oct. 14, 2009 file photo, Rep. Darrell Issa, R-Calif., the ranking Republican on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee is shown on Capitol Hill in Washington. Issa said Monday Feb. 8, 2010 that the first question for Obama should be: "Did you lie about moving forward on malpractice reform?" He was alluding to the president's earlier remarks about possibly curbing malpractice lawsuits, which is not included in the health bills passed separately by House and Senate Democrats in December.

FILE - In this Oct. 14, 2009 file photo, Rep. Darrell Issa, R-Calif., the ranking Republican on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee is shown on Capitol Hill in Washington. Issa said Monday Feb. 8, 2010 that the first question for Obama should be: "Did you lie about moving forward on malpractice reform?" He was alluding to the president's earlier remarks about possibly curbing malpractice lawsuits, which is not included in the health bills passed separately by House and Senate Democrats in December.

AP 

CYPRESS, TX -  FEBRUARY 7:  Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7:  Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) speaks during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) speaks during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX -  FEBRUARY 7:  Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX -  FEBRUARY 7:  Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX -  FEBRUARY 7:  Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX -  FEBRUARY 7:  Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX -  FEBRUARY 7:  Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry comments during a campaign rally for February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) reacts to a comment by former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) reacts to a comment by former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) speaks during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) speaks during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7:  Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (C) and her daughter Piper Palin (R) watch Texas Gov. Rick Perry (L) during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (C) and her daughter Piper Palin (R) watch Texas Gov. Rick Perry (L) during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7:  Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (R) reacts to a comment made by Texas Gov. Rick Perry (L) during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (R) reacts to a comment made by Texas Gov. Rick Perry (L) during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: (L-R) Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, her daughter Piper Palin, and musician Ted Nugent react to a comment by Texas Gov. Rick Perry during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: (L-R) Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin, her daughter Piper Palin, and musician Ted Nugent react to a comment by Texas Gov. Rick Perry during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry (L)  introduces former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Texas Gov. Rick Perry (L) introduces former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin during a campaign rally for Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) greets the crowd during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) greets the crowd during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) speaks during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

CYPRESS, TX - FEBRUARY 7: Former Alaska Gov. Sarah Palin (L) speaks during a campaign rally for Texas Gov. Rick Perry (R) February 7, 2010 in Cypress, Texas. Perry is running against Kay Bailey Hutchinson and Debra Medina for the Republican gubernatorial candidacy.

Getty Images 

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President Barack Obama talks to reporters following his meeting with Congressional Democrats and Republicans appealing for bipartisanship on fixing the economy, in the White House press briefing room in Washington, Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

President Barack Obama talks to reporters following his meeting with Congressional Democrats and Republicans appealing for bipartisanship on fixing the economy, in the White House press briefing room in Washington, Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

AP 

Republican members of the Legislature stand up and clap after listening to Gov. Ed Rendell criticize the length of time it took to pass last year's 101-day-late state budget as Rendell delivers his executive budget address for the fiscal year 2010-2011 to a joint session of the Pennsylvania House and Senate in Harrisburg, Pa., Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

Republican members of the Legislature stand up and clap after listening to Gov. Ed Rendell criticize the length of time it took to pass last year's 101-day-late state budget as Rendell delivers his executive budget address for the fiscal year 2010-2011 to a joint session of the Pennsylvania House and Senate in Harrisburg, Pa., Tuesday, Feb. 9, 2010.

AP 

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

AP 

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

Essex County Prosecutor Paula Dow, New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie's nominee for Attorney General answers a question as she tesitfies before the New Jersey Senate Judiciary Committee during a confirmation hearing Monday, Feb. 8, 2010, in Trenton, N.J. Sen. Nick Scutari, D-Linden, N.J., who chairs the Senate Judiciary Committee, says the Republican governor's nominees will be thoroughly vetted but he anticipates all will be confirmed by the Democratic- controlled Senate.

AP 

FILE - In this Oct. 14, 2009 file photo, Rep. Darrell Issa, R-Calif., the ranking Republican on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee is shown on Capitol Hill in Washington. Issa said Monday Feb. 8, 2010 that the first question for Obama should be: "Did you lie about moving forward on malpractice reform?" He was alluding to the president's earlier remarks about possibly curbing malpractice lawsuits, which is not included in the health bills passed separately by House and Senate Democrats in December.

FILE - In this Oct. 14, 2009 file photo, Rep. Darrell Issa, R-Calif., the ranking Republican on the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee is shown on Capitol Hill in Washington. Issa said Monday Feb. 8, 2010 that the first question for Obama should be: "Did you lie about moving forward on malpractice reform?" He was alluding to the president's earlier remarks about possibly curbing malpractice lawsuits, which is not included in the health bills passed separately by House and Senate Democrats in December.

AP 

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